Ilha Martin Vaz (Arquipélago de Martim Vaz)

In a 2009 survey, Martin Vaz had the highest total fish density among the sites studied, followed by Ponta do Noroeste, on Trindade. At Martin Vaz, where coral cover was relatively higher, the wrasse Halichoeres rubrovirens, Chromis multilineata and the damselfish Stegastes fuscus trindadensis were more abundant than at the Trindade sites. Also in 2009, the crustose coralline alga Lithophyllum prototypum was collected on the island, the first record of the species in the entire South Atlantic.

Many years ago, a British party landed on the west side of Martin Vaz Island, about 0.1 mile from its northern tip. On 21 May 2023, the Brazilian Navy replaced the mast of the National Flag at Martin Vaz, a symbol of the Brazilian presence in the region, and the flag was raised by researchers.